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Home: Our Faculty: Brooklyn College Faculty:

Kenneth A. Gould

Professor   Department: Sociology   Location: 3612 James Hall   Phone: 718-951-5314   Fax: 718-951-4639   Email:

Gould is Professor and Chair of Sociology at Brooklyn College, and Professor of Sociology, and Earth and Environmental Sciences at the CUNY Graduate Center. His work focuses on the political economy of environment, technology, and development, and is best known for its contribution to the development of the Treadmill of Production model of socio-environmental dynamics. He has published numerous articles examining the responses of communities to environmental problems, the role of socioeconomic inequality in environmental conflicts, and the impacts of economic globalization on efforts to achieve sustainable development trajectories. He is co-author of Environment and Society: The Enduring Conflict (1994), Local Environmental Struggles (1996), The Treadmill of Production: Injustice and Unsustainability in the Global Economy (2008), and Twenty Lessons in Environmental Sociology (2009). His recent work examines ecotourism, labor environmentalism, ecodisaster, and green gentrification. Education: DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY, NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY - 1991 (SOCIOLOGY) M.A., NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY - 1986 (SOCIOLOGY) B.G.S., UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - 1984 Areas of Expertise: Sustainable Development Environmental Justice Technology & Socioenvironmental Change Globalization & Environment Books and Publications "Sustainable Development" in 20 Lessons in Environmental Sociology. Kenneth A. Gould and Tammy L. Lewis, editors. Oxford University Press. With Tammy L. Lewis. (Books and Publications: Chapter) 2009 "Technological Change and the Environment" in 20 Lessons in Environmental Sociology. Kenneth A. Gould and Tammy L. Lewis, editors. Oxford University Press. (Books and Publications: Chapter) 2009 "The USA PATRIOT Act and the Future of U.S. Social Movements" in Anti-Terrorism: Security and Insecuirty After 9/11. Sandra Rollings-Magnusson, editor. McGill-Queens University Press. 2009. With Patrice LeClerc. (Books and Publications: Chapter) 2009 Twenty Lessons in Environmental Sociology. Edited with Tammy L. Lewis. Oxford University Press, 2008. (Books and Publications: Edited Book) 2009 The Treadmill of Production: Injustice and Unsustainability in the Global Economy. With David Naguib Pellow and Allan Schnaiberg. Paradigm Publishers. (Books and Publications: Book) 2008 "The Ecological Costs of Militarization" in Peace Review. (19.3) : 331-334. July, 2007. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 2007 "Viewing the Wreckage: Eco-Disaster Tourism in the Wake of Katrina" in Societies Without Borders. 2 (2). July, 2007. With Tammy L. Lewis. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 2007 'Promoting Sustainability' in Public Sociologies Reader. Judith Blau and Keri Iyall Smith, editors. Rowman and Littlefield. 2006. (Books and Publications: Chapter) 2006 'The Environmental Trajectory of the Anti-Corporate Globalization Movement' in Global Social Change: Historical and Comparative Perspectives. Chris Chase-Dunn and Salvatore Babones, editors. 2006. With Frederick H. Buttel. (Books and Publications: Chapter) 2006 "Os Deuses de Coisas Pequenas: O Poder Insitutional da Nanotecnoloia e a Dinamica" Pp. 244-255 in Nanotecnoloia, Sociedade e Meio Ambiente. Paulo Roberto Martins, editor. Associação Editorial Humanitas: São Paulo. (Books and Publications: Chapter) 2005 'Blue-Green Coalitions: Constraints and Possibilities in the Post 9-11 Political Environment' in Transforming Globalization: Challenges and Opportunities in the Post 9/11 Era. Bruce Podobnik and Thomas Reifer, editors. Brill Academic Press, 2005. With Tammy Lewis and J. Timmons Roberts. (Books and Publications: Chapter) 2005 'Interrogating The Treadmill of Production: Everything You Wanted to Know About The Treadmill But Were Afraid To Ask' In Organization and Environment . 17 (3). September 2004. With David Naguib Pellow and Allan Schnaiberg. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 2004 "Classe Social, Justiça Ambiental e Conflito Politico" Pp. 69-80 in Justiça Ambiental e Cidadania José Augusto Pádua, Henri Acselrad and Selene Herculano, editors. Relume Dumara: Rio de Janeiro. (Books and Publications: Chapter) 2003 "Transnational Environmentalism, Power and Development in Belize" In Belizean Studies. 25 (2): 59-70. September. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 2003 "Tactical Tourism: A Comparative Analysis of Rainforest Development in Ecuador and Belize." In Organization and Environment. 12 (3): 245-262. September. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 1999 "Response to Eric J. Krieg's The Two Faces of Toxic Waste: Trends in the Spread of Environmental Hazards." In Sociological Forum. 13 (1): 21-23. March. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 1998 "Environmentalism and Organizational Dissent Within the State." With Theodore H. Tsoukalas. In Humanity and Society. 21 (3): 284-306. August. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 1997 Local Environmental Struggles: Citizen Activism in the Treadmill of Production. With Allan Schnaiberg and Adam Weinberg. Cambridge University Press. (Books and Publications: Book) 1996 "Natural Resource Use in a Transnational Treadmill: International Agreements, national Citizenship Practices, and Sustainable Development." With Allan Schnaiberg and Adam Weinberg. In Humbolt Journal of Social Relations. 2 (1): 61-93. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 1995 "Recycling: Conserving Resources or Accelerating the Treadmill of Production?" With Allan Schnaiberg and Adam Weinberg. In Advances in Human Ecology. 4: 173-205. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 1995 "Legitimacy and Growth in the Balance: The Role of the State in Environmental Remediation". In Industrial and Environmental Crisis Quarterly. 8 (3): 237-256. June. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 1994 Environment and Society: The Enduring Conflict. With Allan Schnaiberg. St. Martin's Press. New York. 1994. Translated and published by Minerva Shobo in Japan, 1999. Republished in U.S. by Blackburn Press, 2000. (Books and Publications: Book) 1994 "Pollution and Perception: Social Visibility and Local Environmental Political Mobilization". In Qualitative Sociology. 16 (2) 157-178. Summer. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 1993 "Public participation in environmental regulatory conflicts: Treading through the possibilities and pitfalls." With Adam Weinberg. In Law and Policy. 15 (2): 139-167. April. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 1993 "Putting the (W)R.A.P.s on Public Participation: Remedial Action Planning and Working-Class Power in the Great Lakes." In Sociological Practice Review. 3 (3): 133-139. July. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 1992 "The Sweet Smell of Money: Economic Dependency and Local Environmental Political Mobilization." In Society and Natural Resources: An International Journal. 4 (2): 133-150. April-June. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 1991 "The Politicization of Science in the Environmental Impact Statement Process" in Wisconsin Sociologist . 25 (4): 139-143. Fall. (Books and Publications: Peer Reviewed Article) 1988 Creative Work Photograph: Cover photo for Por Uma Sociologia Publica. Ruy Braga and Michael Burawoy. Alamaeda, 2009. 2009 Photograph: "World Marches" in Critical Asian Studies. 40:3, p. 345. Sept 2008. 2008 Photographs. Cover photo and multiple images in The Treadmill of Production: Injustice and Unsustainability in the Global Economy. With David Naguib Pellow and Allan Schnaiberg. Paradigm Publishers. 2008 Photograph: Cover photo in Critical Moment. Issue 20, January-February, 2007. 2007 Photographs: Multiple images in "Viewing the Wreckage: Eco-Disaster Tourism in the Wake of Katrina" in Societies Without Borders. 2 (2). July, 2007. With Tammy L. Lewis. 2007 Photographs: Multiple images and cover photo in Public Sociologies Reader. Judith Blau and Keri Iyall Smith, editors. Rowman and Littlefield. 2006. 2006 Photographs: Multiple images of post-Katrina New Orleans in The Southern Sociologist. 37 (4). Spring 2006. 2006 Photograph: "UAW Local" in Mål och Medel. 4. Stockholm, Sweden. April 2005. 2005 Photograph: "Hard Lock-down" in Contexts. 2 (4). Fall 2003. 2003 Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums "Pollution, Perception, and Politics". Paper presented at the Nature, Ecology & Society Colloquium, CUNY Graduate Center, New York, March 2009. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Invited Talk) 2009 "The Environmental Injustice of Green Gentrification". Guest lecture at SUNY-New Paltz. March, 2009. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Invited Talk) 2009 "The Environmental Injustice of Green Gentrification: Socioecological Change in the Neighborhoods of Brooklyn." With Tammy Lewis. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, San Francisco, August. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 2009 "Transnational Social Movements". With Tammy Lewis. Paper presented at the annual convention of the International Studies Association, New York, February 2009. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 2009 "Treadmill Realities Versus Sustainability Fantasies: A Critical Prediction." With Allan Schnaiberg and David N. Pellow. Paper presented at the annual conference of the Sociological Imagination Group, Boston, August. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Invited Talk) 2008 "Warming Climate?: Labor-Environmentalist Relations and the Global Climate Crisis." With Tammy Lewis and J. Timmons Roberts. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Boston, August. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 2008 "Divide to Conquer?:Union Schisms and New Opportunities for Environmentalist-Labor Coalition Formation." With Tammy Lewis and J. Timmons Roberts. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the Eastern Sociological Association, Boston, February 2006. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 2006 "The USA PATRIOT Act and the Future of Social Movements." With Patrice LeClerc. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Montreal, August 2006. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 2006 "Environmental Justice as a Redistributive Strategy for Structural Change." Panel presentation at the 5th World Social Forum. Porto Alegre, Brazil. January 2005. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Invited Talk) 2005 'Small, Not Beautiful: Nanotechnology and the Treadmill of Production'. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Philadelphia, August 2005. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 2005 "From Blue-Green Coalitions to Blue-Green Partnerships? Creating Enduring Institutions through Just Transition, Climate Justice and the World Social Forum" with Tammy Lewis and J. Timmons Roberts. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, San Francisco, August 2004. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 2004 'The Gods of Small Things: Nanotechnology, Institutional Power and the Environment'. Paper presented at the First International Seminar on Nanotechnology, Society and Environment. University of Sao Paulo. Sao Paulo, Brazil, October 2004. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Invited Talk) 2004 'Class Origins and Class Conflicts: The Historical Roots and Future Trajectories of Labor-Environmentalist Coalitions'. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Atlanta, August. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 2003 'The Global Trajectory of Environmental Justice'. Paper presented at the Rensselear Polytechnic Institute's Environmental Social Movements Workshop, sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology Studies. Troy, New York. September. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Invited Talk) 2003 'Turtles Love Teamsters: or Do They?: Conflict and Cooperation Between Unions and Environmentalists in the United States'. With J. Timmons Roberts and Tammy Lewis. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Chicago, August. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 2002 'Ecotourism, Commodification and the Sustainability of Place'. Paper presented at the ASA PEWS and E&T sections' mini-conference on Globalization and Environment: Prospects and Perils, Anaheim, August. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Invited Talk) 2001 'Paradise Paradox: Transnational Ecotourism, Globalization and Sustainability'. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Anaheim, August. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 2001 'Ecotourism and Rural Development: Rainforest Protection and Employment Structures in Western Belize.' Paper presented at the International Rural Sociological Association's World Congress, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, July/August. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 2000 'Sustainability Across Borders.' Paper presented at the International Sociological Association's RC-24 mini-conference/symposium on Sociological Reflections on Sustainability, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, August. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Invited Talk) 2000 "Consuming Rainforests: A Political Economy of Nature Tourism in Ecuador and Belize." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Chicago, August. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1999 "Tactical Tourism: A Comparative Analysis of Rainforest Development in Ecuador and Belize." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the Caribbean Studies Association, Panama City, Panama, May. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1999 "Environment, Extraction, and Employment in the Adirondacks: Nature Tourism in New York's North Woods." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, San Francisco, August. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1998 "Nature Tourism and Rural Development: Environment, Extraction, and Employment." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the Western Social Science Association, Denver, April 1998. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1998 "Nature Tourism and Sustainability: Local Exchange and Extralocal Use in a Transnational Economy". Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Toronto, Canada, August 1997. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1997 "Tourism and Sustainability: Seeking Ecological and Economic Balance in the Rural Periphery". Paper presented at the International Symposium on Human Dimensions of Natural Resource Management in the Americas, Belize City, Belize, February 1997. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1997 "Environmentalism and Organizational Dissent: An Analysis of Micro-Macro Links in the Production of Social Change." With Theodore Tsoukalas. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Washington DC, August, 1995. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1995 "Transnational Trade Deregulation: A Collision Course with Sustainable Development." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Washington DC, August, 1995. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1995 "Sustainability and the State: Economic Transnationalization and Sustainable Development in the Rural Periphery." Paper presented at the conference on The Politics of Sustainable Development: Theory, Policy and Practice Within the European Union, University of Crete, Greece, October 1994. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1994 "Transnational Problems, National Policy, and Local Mobilization: Environment Remediation in the Great Lakes Basin." Panel presentation at the Political Ecology Workshop, Michigan State University. East Lansing, Michigan, April, 1994. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1994 "Environmental Conflict in Comparative Contexts: Methodological Strategies for Socio-Environmental Research." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Miami, August, 1993. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1993 "Different Roots, Similar Fruits: Great Lakes Environmentalism in the U.S. and Canada." Paper presented at The Fourth North American Symposium On Society And Natural Resources, Madison, Wisconsin, May, 1992. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1992 "Doing As Little As Politics Will Allow: Great Lakes Pollution Sites and the Limits of Local Control." Paper presented at The Fourth North American Symposium On Society And Natural Resources, Madison, Wisconsin, May, 1992. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1992 "Legitimating Growth: The Role of the State in Environmental Remediation." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Pittsburgh, August, 1992. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1992 "Losing the Environmental Battle but Winning the Legitimacy War: A Revisionist Analysis of "The Environmental Movement." With Allan Schnaiberg and Adam Weinberg. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Pittsburgh, August, 1992. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1992 "Pollution and Perception: The Impact of the Social Visibility of Pollutants on Local Environmental Political Mobilization." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the Midwest Sociological Society, Des Moines, April, 1991. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1991 "Putting the (W) R.A.P.s on Public Participation: Remedial Action Planning and Working-Class Power in the Great Lakes." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Cincinnati, August, 1991. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1991 "Saving the Environment: Whose Investment? Whose Return?" Panel presentation at the annual James B. McKee Symposium on Critical Social Issues, Michigan State University, May, 1991. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Invited Talk) 1991 "Who Mobilizes Whom?: The Role of National and Regional Social Movement Organizations In Local Environmental Political Mobilization." With Adam Weinberg. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Cincinnati, August, 1991. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1991 "Extraction, Environment and Development: How has uranium extraction constrained future economic development on the Laguna-Pueblo Reservation?" Paper presented at the annual meetings of the Midwest Sociological Society, Chicago, April, 1990. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1990 "The Sweet Smell of Money: The impact of economic dependency on local environmental political mobilization." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Washington DC., August, 1990. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1990 "Grass Roots Environmentalism in Canada: Responses to pollution in Great Lakes Communities." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the Midwest Sociological Society, St. Louis, April, 1989. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1989 "The Politicization of Science in the E.I.S. Process." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the Midwest Sociological Society, Minneapolis, March, 1988. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1988 "The Devolution of a Concept: 'Appropriate' Technology in a Third World Context." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the Midwest Sociological Society, Chicago, March, 1987. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1987 "Urban Tanzania: A History of Foreign Planning." Paper presented at the annual meetings of the Midwest Sociological Society, Des Moines, March, 1986. (Conferences, Seminars and Symposiums: Conference Presentation) 1986 Pedagogical Achievements Syllabus for 'Environmental Movements'. In Syllabi and Instructional Material in Environmental Sociology, 6th Edition. Michael Mascarenhas, editor. Washington, D.C.: American Sociological Association. 2007. 2007 Syllabus for "Environmental Sociology" in Environmental Sociology: Syllabi and Instructional Material, 4th Edition. Rik Scarce and David Smith, editors. Washington, D.C.: American Sociological Association. 1999. 1999 Syllabus for "Globalization and Sustainability" in Internationalizing Sociology in the Age of Globalization: A Curriculum Guide. Nathan Rousseau, Editor. Washington, D.C.: American Sociological Association. 1999. 1999 Syllabus for "Race, Class and Environmental Justice" in Environmental Sociology: Syllabi and Instructional Material, 4th Edition. Rik Scarce and David Smith, editors. Washington, D.C.: American Sociological Association. 1999. 1999